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Results ( 9 ) : 2013 - 1.


Private Enforcement of European Competition Law and the Persisting Collective Action Problem

Abstract: Several economic criteria may help policy-makers in choosing between public and private enforcement of competition law. The welfare losses caused by infringements of the cartel prohibition may be better internalized by imposing fines rather than by...


The European Commission’s Programme for State Aid Modernization

Abstract: The European Commission has set out a modernization programme for state aid. This affects both substantive state aid law and administrative procedures. On substance, while the Commission has no power to change the meaning of state aid, which is der...


The Loss of Chance in Civil Law Countries: A Comparative and Critical Analysis

Abstract: Bearing in mind the judgments recently given by the Portuguese Supreme Court, which have recognized the right to be compensated for loss of chance for the first time, this article sets out to discover the actual legal framework for this type of dam...


Establishing the Content of Foreign Law: A Comparative Study

Abstract: It is in response to the need for certainty and consistency that systems of regulation and law are created to govern the conduct of people of a community, society, nation or state. With increases in the ease of cross-border movement and activity, a...